P-phenylene diamine derivatives

ABSTRACT

A dye composition for keratinous fibers comprising a specific type of trifluoromethylated aniline derivative, as a developer, and a coupling substance is disclosed. The composition provides high degree of saturation and vividness of colors as well as good fastness. Dyeing with the use of the dye composition ensures a variety of developer-coupling agent combinations, which can provide a wide variety of colors with a high degree of color saturation and vividness. The color produced possesses excellent light resistance, washing resistance, and wear resistance. Amoung the trifluoromethylated aniline derivative, used as a developer, a p-phenylenediamine-type trifluoromethylated aniline derivative of the following formula is a novel compound. ##STR1## in which X represents a specific type of mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, alkyl group, or other organic group.

This is a division of application Ser. No. 07/217,776, filed on July 12, 1988, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,871,372.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a dye composition for keratinous fibers, and, more particularly, to a dye composition for keratinous fibers which is capable of dyeing keratinous fibers such as hairs and the like at a high degree of saturation and vividness, and to a p-phenylenediamine derivative useful as a developer when formulated into such a dye composition. The invention also is directed to a process for preparing the p-phenylenediamine derivatives.

2. Description of the Background

Oxidizing dyes, in which a developer and a coupling agent are employed in combination, have widely been used for dyeing keratinous fibers such as hairs or the like. These oxidizing dyes make use of the strong dyeing capability of oxidizing coloring substances which are produced by the oxidizing-coupling reaction of a developer and a coupling agent. Para-phenylenediamine derivatives, diaminopyridine derivatives, 4-aminopyrazolone derivatives, hetero-cyclic hydrazone, and the like are used as the developer.

These conventional oxidizing dyes have defects in their performance which are yet to be satisfied in terms of saturation or vividness of colors, dyeing capability, and fastness. Development of a dye which is free from these defects has, therefore, been desired.

Performance of an oxidizing dye such as saturation or vividness of colors, dyeing capability, fastness, and the like is greatly dependent upon the characteristics of the developer used. It is, therefore, very important in eliminating the above defects of oxidizing dyes to find a developer possessing an excellent characteristics.

The present inventors have undertaken extensive studies in order to overcome the above problems in oxidizing dyes, and as a result found that use of a trifluoromethylated aniline derivative for dyeing keratinous fibers provides a high degree of saturation and vividness of colors as well as good fastness. This finding has led to the completion of this invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly an object of this invention is to provide a dye composition for keratinous fibers comprising a developer and a coupling substance, wherein said developer is a trifluoromethylated aniline derivative represented by the following formula (I) or a salt thereof: ##STR2## in which R represents a hydroxyl group or a group represented by --NHR', wherein R, represents a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, a C₁₋₂₀ alkyl group, or a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --O--R", [wherein R" stands for a C₁₋₄ alkyl group, a C₁₋₄ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4], a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --NR³ R⁴ (wherein R³ and R⁴ may be same or different and denote hydrogen atoms, C₁₋₂₀ alkyl groups, or C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl groups, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4), or --(CH₂)_(n) --COOR⁵ (wherein R⁵ is a hydrogen atom, a C₂₋₆ alkyl group, or a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4).

Another object of this invention is to provide a novel p-phenylenediamine derivative represented by the following formula (Ia) or a salt thereof: ##STR3## in which X represents a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, a C₁₋₂₀ alkyl group, or a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --O--R", [wherein R" stands for a C₁₋₄ alkyl group, a C₁₋₄ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4], a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --NR³ R⁴ (wherein R³ and R⁴ may be same or different and denote hydrogen atoms, C₁₋₂₀ alkyl groups, or C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl groups, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4), or --(CH₂)_(n) --COOR⁵ (wherein R⁵ is a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆ alkyl group, or a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4).

Still another object of this invention is to provide a process for preparing the above novel p-phenylenediamine derivative the formula (Ia) or a salt thereof, which comprises reducing a compound represented by the following formula (II): ##STR4## in which X has the same meaning as defined for the formula (Ia).

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will hereinafter become more readily apparent from the following description.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Among trifluoromethylated aniline derivatives, p-phenylenediamine derivatives represented by the following formula (Ia) or the salts thereof are novel compounds. ##STR5## in which X represents a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, a C₁₋₂₀ alkyl group, or a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --O--R", [wherein R" stands for a C₁₋₄ alkyl group, a C₁₋₄ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4] a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --NR³ R⁴ (wherein R³ and R⁴ may be same or different and denote hydrogen atoms, C₁₋₂₀ alkyl groups, or C₂₋₆₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl groups, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4), or --(CH₂)_(n) --COOR⁵ (wherein R⁵ is a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆ alkyl group, or a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group.

The p-phenylenediamine derivative of formula (Ia) can be prepared, for example, by reducing the compound (II) according to the following reaction scheme: ##STR6##

The compound (II) can be prepared, for example, by the reaction of the chlorinated compound of the formula (III) and mono- or polyhydroxyalkylamine of the formula (IV). ##STR7##

This reaction may be carried out according to the method described in Arzneim. Forsch., 25, 681 (1975).

The reduction of the compound of formula (II) may be carried out according to the conventional reduction of a nitro group. A simple and effective method, however, is a catalytic hydrogenation or reduction in the presence of zinc under alkaline conditions

Palladium, platinum, copper, nickel, or the like are used for the catalytic hydrogenation. A solvent such as methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, dimethylformamide, or the like is desirably used in the reaction. The reaction temperature is in the range between room temperature and the boiling point of the solvent used, and the pressure may be 1 to 250 kg/cm². Upon completion of the reaction, the catalyst is removed by filtration. After condensation of the filtrate, purification can be performed very easily by evaporating the solvent or recrystallizing the target compound.

Reduction using zinc is carried out by heating the raw materials under reflux in an aqueous solution of alkali such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or the like in the presence of an excess amount of zinc, and adding to the reaction system, as required, a solvent dissolvable in water such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, or the like. Upon completion, solid substances are removed by filtration, and the filtrate is extracted with a suitable solvent and condensed. The condensate thus obtained can be easily purified by evaporating the solvent or recrystallizing the target compound.

The compound of this invention of formula (Ia) thus prepared can be converted according to a conventional method into a salt by reaction of this compound with an organic or inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, or the like.

Compounds of formula (I), other than those of formula (Ia) which is novel in the art, can be prepared by reducing p-nitrophenol or p-nitroaniline trifluoromethylated according to the process which was discussed just above in connection with the process for preparing the compound of formula (Ia). More specifically, trifluoromethylated p-aminophenol is prepared by the method described in J. Org. Chem., 27, 4460 (1962), and trifluoromethylated p-phenylenediamine is prepared by the method described in J. Ind. Chem.,

69, 2229, (1966), for example.

Given as particularly preferable examples of trifluoromethylated aniline derivatives of formula (I) are 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-(2',3'-dihydroxypropyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 1,4-diamino-2-trifluoromethylbenzene, 4-hydroxy-2-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-hydroxy-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-(3'-hydroxypropyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-(2'-hydroxypropyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-n-butylamino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-sec-butylamino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-n-dodecylamino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-(2'-methoxyethyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline, 4-[2'-(2"-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline 1-N-(2'-aminoethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethyl-4-aminobenzene, 1-N-(2'-dimethylaminoethyl)amino -2-trifluoromethyl-4-aminobenzene, and 1-N-(2'-carboxyethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethyl-4-aminobenzene. Preferable salts of these trifluoromethylated aniline derivatives are salts of these derivatives of an organic or inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, and the like.

There is no specific restriction as to the coupling agent to be used in the dye composition of this invention. Any conventionally used coupling agent can be used for the purpose of this invention. Examples are 5-amino-o-cresol, α-naphthol, o-cresol, m-cresol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 3,5-dimethylphenol, benzcatechin, pyrogallol, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, 5-amino-2-methylphenol, hydroquinone, 2,4-diaminoanisole, m-toluylenediamine, 4-aminophenol, resorcin, resorcinmonomethylether, m-phenylenediamine, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, 1-phenyl-3-amino-5-pyrazolone, 1-phenyl-3,5-diketopyrazolidine, 1-methyl-7-dimethyl-amino-4-hydroxy-2-quinolone, 1-amino-3-acetyl-acetamino-4-nitrobenzole, 1-amino-3-cyanacetyl-amino-4-nitrobenzole, m-aminophenol, 4-chlororesorcin, 2-methylresorcin, 2,4-diaminophenoxyethanol, 2,6-diaminopyridine, 2,4-diaminofluorobenzene, 3,5-diamino-fluorobenzene, 3,5-diaminotrifluoromethylbenzene, 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine, 2,4,6-triamino-pyrimidine, 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, 4-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, 4,6-diamino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, p-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, p-nitro-m-phenylenediamine, 2-amino-5-nitrophenol, o-nitro-p-phenylenediamine, 2-amino-4-nitrophenol, and the like. Among these, 5-amino-o-cresol and α-naphthol are desirable for producing a vivid red color, and m-phenylenediamine is effective in obtaining a blue color with a high degree of saturation.

The proportion of the developer and the coupling agent to be formulated into the dye composition of this invention is approximately in the range of 1:0.5 to 1:2 in molar ratio. Excessive use of one component to the other is allowable in this range. One type of developer and coupling agent can be employed either independently or in combination with one or more other types of developers or coupling agents.

In addition to the above-mentioned developers or coupling agents, any known developers, conventional direct dyes, or the like compounds can be formulated to the composition of this invention, if necessary for producing a desired color.

Hairs or other objects are colored by the dye composition of this invention through an oxidizing coupling reaction of the components with the aid of oxygen in the air, when the dye composition is applied to the object to be dyed. Effecting the oxidizing coupling reaction with the aid of a chemical oxidizing agent, however, is more desirable. Especially preferable oxidizing agents are hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide-adduct of urea, melamine, or sodium borate, or a mixture of one of these hydrogen peroxide-adducts and potassium peroxide-disulfate, and the like.

It is usually desirable to provide the dye composition of this invention in the form of either a cream, emulsion, gel, solution, or the like. Preparing the composition in such forms can be performed according to the conventional method. In this instance, in addition to the developers and coupling agents, various ingredients which are commonly used in cosmetics are formulated into the composition. Such ingredients include wetting agents (emulsifiers), solubilizing agents, viscosity increasing agents, stabilizers, tactile sence improvers, hair conditioning base components, perfumes, and the like. Wetting agents (emulsifiers) used in the composition include, for example, alkylbenzenesulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkylsulfonates, fatty acid alkanolamides, ethylene oxide adducts of fatty alcohol, and the like. Given as examples of viscosity increasing agents are methyl cellulose, starch, higher fatty alcohols, paraffin oils, fatty acids, and the like. Examples of stabilizers include reducing agents such as sulfites, hydroquinone derivatives, chelating agents, and the like. Tactile sence improvers and hair conditioning base components are typified by silicones, higher alcohols, various kinds of nonionic surface active agents and cationic polymers, and the like.

The amounts of the developers plus coupling agents to be formulated into the abovementioned form of the invented composition are 0.2 to 5% by weight, and preferably 1 to 3% by weight. The desirable amount of the wetting agents (emulsifiers) and viscosity increasing agents in the composition is usually 0.5 to 30% by weight and 0.1 to 25% by weight, respectively.

It is desirable that the overall pH of the composition be adjusted to the range of 8 to 10.

A typical procedure for dyeing keratinous fibers using the dye composition of this invention is now illustrated. A dye fluid is first prepared by adding an oxidizing agent to the dye composition to effect oxidizing coupling of the mixture. This dye fluid is applied to the subject keratinous fibers, which are then allowed to stand for about 10 to 50 minutes, preferably 25 to 35 minutes to effect action of the dye onto the fibers. The keratinous fibers thus sufficiently dyed are finally washed and dried. It is desirable that the temperature of the dye fluid be maintained between 15° to 45° C.

Dyeing with the use of the dye composition according to the present invention ensures a variety of developer - coupling agent combinations, which can provide a wide variety of colors ranging from yellow, red, blue through gray or charcoal with a high degree of color saturation and vividness. In addition, the color produced possesses excellent light resistance, washing resistance, and wear resistance.

Other features of the invention will become apparent in the course of the following description of the exemplary embodiments which are given for illustration of the invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.

EXAMPLES Reference Example 1

Synthesis of 1-N-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrobenzene

A mixture of 13.53 g (0.06 mol) of 1-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrobenzene and 8.06 g (0.132 mol) of ethanolamine was stirred under heating at 100°-120° C. for 5 hours. A yellow solid substance deposited in the reaction mixture by the addition of water thereinto was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried. This substance was recrystallized from chloroform to produce 10.16 g of 1-N-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrobenzene at a yield of 69%.

Melting Point: 86°-87° C. [88° C. in literature (Arzneim. Forsch., 25, 681 (1975)]

Reference Examples 2-17

The compounds listed in Table 1 were prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 1.

                                      TABLE 1                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR8##                                         (II)                                                     Melting Pt.                                        Reference          Position                                                                            Yield                                                                              or        Elemental Analysis                       Example                                                                              X            of CF.sub.3                                                                         (%) Boiling Pt.     C  H  N                            __________________________________________________________________________     2     CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)OH                                                                     3    91  62-63° C.                                                                         Found 45.71                                                                             4.50                                                                              10.81                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           45.46                                                                             4.20                                                                              10.60                        3     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                               3    97  79-82° C.                                                                         Found 45.22                                                                             4.28                                                                              10.32                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           45.46                                                                             4.20                                                                              10.60                        4     CH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OH                                                                  3    76  99-102° C.                                                                        Found 42.91                                                                             3.81                                                                               9.92                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           42.87                                                                             3.96                                                                              10.00                        5     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                                        2    48  106-109° C.                                                                       Found 43.33                                                                             3.81                                                                              11.21                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           43.21                                                                             3.63                                                                              11.20                        6     CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)OH                                                                     2    47  104-106° C.                                                                       Found 45.31                                                                             4.29                                                                              10.48                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           45.46                                                                             4.20                                                                              10.60                        7     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                               2    53  106-109° C.                                                                       Found 45.58                                                                             4.26                                                                              10.87                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           45.46                                                                             4.20                                                                              10.60                        8     CH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OH                                                                  2    42  96-99° C.                                                                         Found 42.52                                                                             3.99                                                                               9.89                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           42.87                                                                             3.96                                                                              10.00                        9     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         3    85  110° C./0.15 mmHg                                                                 Found 50.42                                                                             5.03                                                                              10.91                                                    (b.p.)    Calculated                                                                           50.38                                                                             5.00                                                                              10.68                        10                                                                                    ##STR9##    3    87  105° C./0.20 mmHg (b.p.)                                                          Found Calculated                                                                     50.61 50.38                                                                       5.01 5.00                                                                         10.43 10.68                  11    (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                                                   3    80  130° C./0.15 mmHg                                                                 Found 54.01                                                                             5.99                                                                               9.72                                                    (b.p.)    Calculated                                                                           53.79                                                                             5.90                                                                               9.65                        12    (CH.sub.2).sub.11 CH.sub.3                                                                  3    67  180° C./0.10 mmHg                                                                 Found 60.22                                                                             7.48                                                                               7.16                                                    (b.p.)    Calculated                                                                           60.95                                                                             7.81                                                                               7.48                        13    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                     3    86  49-51° C.                                                                         Found 44.99                                                                             4.48                                                                               9.53                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           44.90                                                                             4.45                                                                               9.52                        14    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                                                                 3    88  77-79° C.                                                                         Found 45.52                                                                             4.25                                                                              10.81                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           45.46                                                                             4.19                                                                              10.60                        15    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH                                                                      3    81  118.5-120.5° C.                                                                   Found 43.31                                                                             3.42                                                                              10.55                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           43.17                                                                             3.26                                                                              10.07                        16    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  3    86  89.2-91.6° C.                                                                     Found 43.31                                                                             4.61                                                                              16.53                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           43.38                                                                             4.33                                                                              16.86                        17    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NMe.sub.2                                                                 3    84  83.3-85.0° C.                                                                     Found 47.22                                                                             5.31                                                                              20.00                                                    (m.p.)    Calculated                                                                           47.65                                                                             5.09                                                                              15.16                        __________________________________________________________________________

Example 1 Synthesis of 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline (1) Synthesis via catalytic reduction

Into 150 ml of ethanol was dissolved 10 g (0.04 mol) of 1-N-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrobenzene. To the mixture 1 g of palladium on charcoal was added, and theoretically equivalent amount of hydrogen was charged at normal temperature and pressure. Catalyst was removed from the reaction mixture by filtration and the filtrate was condensed to produce a solid material. Through recrystallization from carbon tetrachloride 7.48 g of 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline was obtained at a yield of 85%.

(1) Synthesis via reduction using zinc

To 9.48 g (0.038 mol) of 1-N-(2,-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrobenzene were added 11 g of zinc powder, 5 ml of 20% sodium hydroxide and 20 ml of ethanol and the mixture was heated under reflux for 2 hours. After the zink powder was removed from the reaction mixture by filtration, water was added to the filtrate followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The organic phase obtained was dried over salt cake and codensed to produce a solid material, which was then recrystallized from carbon tetrachloride to obtain 7.16 g of 4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline at a yield of 86%.

Melting point: 74°-75° C.

Elemental analysis:

Found C: 49.29 , H: 5.21 , N: 12.97.

Calculated C: 49.09 , H: 5.04 , N: 12.72. Examples 2-17

The compounds listed in Table 2 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

                                      TABLE 2                                      __________________________________________________________________________      ##STR10##                                         (Ia)                                                    Melting Pt.                                        Reference          Position                                                                            Yield*                                                                             or         Elemental Analysis                      Example                                                                              X            of CF.sub.3                                                                         (%) Boiling Pt.      C  H  N                           __________________________________________________________________________     2     CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)OH                                                                     3    82  91-93° C.                                                                          Found 51.36                                                                             5.71                                                                              11.81                                                   (m.p.)     Calculated                                                                           51.24                                                                             5.59                                                                              11.96                       3     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                               3    85  88-90° C.                                                                          Found 51.22                                                                             5.57                                                                              11.90                                                   (m.p.)     Calculated                                                                           51.24                                                                             5.59                                                                              11.96                       4     CH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OH                                                                  3    94  114-115° C.                                                                        Found 47.92                                                                             5.01                                                                              11.03                                                   (m.p.)     Calculated                                                                           48.00                                                                             5.24                                                                              11.20                       5     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                                        2    75  47-48° C.                                                                          Found 49.31                                                                             5.21                                                                              12.99                                                   (m.p.)     Calculated                                                                           49.09                                                                             5.04                                                                              12.72                       6     CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)OH                                                                     2    87  53-55° C.                                                                          Found 51.33                                                                             5.80                                                                              12.09                                                   (m.p.)     Calculated                                                                           51.24                                                                             5.59                                                                              11.96                       7     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                               2    86  oil**      Found 51.31                                                                             5.50                                                                              11.91                                                              Calculated                                                                           51.24                                                                             5.59                                                                              11.96                       8     CH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OH                                                                  2    75  89-92° C.                                                                          Found 47.81                                                                             5.22                                                                              11.48                                                   (m.p.)     Calculated                                                                           48.00                                                                             5.24                                                                              11.20                       9     CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3                                                         3    63  88° C./0.15 mmHg                                                                   Found 56.88                                                                             6.52                                                                              12.38                                                   (b.p.)     Calculated                                                                           56.89                                                                             6.51                                                                              12.05                       10                                                                                    ##STR11##   3    77  75° C./0.1 mmHg (b.p.)                                                             Found Calculated                                                                     56.66 56.89                                                                       6.38 6.51                                                                         12.17 12.06                 11    (CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3                                                                   3    72  103° C./0.15 mmHg                                                                  Found 59.76                                                                             7.32                                                                              10.21                                                   (b.p.)     Calculated                                                                           59.99                                                                             7.36                                                                              10.76                       12    (CH.sub.2).sub.11 CH.sub.3                                                                  3    89  140° C./0.10 mmHg                                                                  Found 65.98                                                                             9.21                                                                               8.44                                                   (b.p.)     Calculated                                                                           66.25                                                                             9.07                                                                               8.13                       13    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH                                                     3    73  oil**      Found 51.12                                                                             5.86                                                                              10.41                                                              Calculated                                                                           50.00                                                                             5.72                                                                              10.60                       14    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.3                                                                 3    75  90° C./0.15 mmHg                                                                   Found 51.62                                                                             5.82                                                                              11.68                                                   (b.p.)     Calculated                                                                           51.28                                                                             5.59                                                                              11.96                       15    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH                                                                      3    85***                                                                              129.2-130.6° C.                                                                    Found 48.16                                                                             4.40                                                                              11.38                                                   (m.p.)     Calculated                                                                           48.39                                                                             4.47                                                                              11.29                       16    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH.sub.2                                                                  3    82  105° C. (0.15 mmHg)                                                                Found 49.35                                                                             5.58                                                                              20.00                                                   (b.p.)     Calculated                                                                           49.30                                                                             5.51                                                                              19.17                       17    CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NMe.sub.2                                                                 3    84  102° C. (0.1 mmHg)                                                                 Found 53.51                                                                             6.82                                                                              17.02                                                   (b.p.)     Calculated                                                                           53.42                                                                             6.52                                                                              16.99                       __________________________________________________________________________      *yield when zinc was used as a reducing catalyst                               **purified by silica gel column chromatography after reduction                 ***the reducing yield by PdC                                             

Example Preparation and Evaluation of the Inventive Compositions

    ______________________________________                                         Base components:                                                               ______________________________________                                         oleic acid          10%                                                        diethanolamide oleate                                                                               8%                                                        oleyl alcohol        2%                                                        polyoxyethyleneoctyl-                                                                              10%                                                        dodecylether                                                                   (Average EO mols: 20)                                                          ethanol             15%                                                        propylene glycol    10%                                                        ammonium chloride    3%                                                        25% aqueous ammonium                                                                                7%                                                        water               35%                                                        ______________________________________                                    

Into 100 g of the above base components 0.01 mol of the developer Table 3 and 0.01 mol of the coupling agent listed in Table 4 were mixed. The mixture was then adjusted to pH 9.5 with ammonia to produce the dye composition of this invention.

To 100 g of the dye composition of this invention an equivalent weight of 6% aqueous hydroperoxide solution was added to prepare a dye solution. This dye solution was applied to a gray human hair, which was left at 30° C. for 30 minutes. The hair was subsequently washed with a normal shampoo and dried. Table 5 shows the observed color tone of the dyed hair.

                  TABLE 3                                                          ______________________________________                                         Developers                                                                     ______________________________________                                         P1:  4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline                         P2:  4-(2'-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-trifluoromethylaniline                         P3:  4-(2',3'-dihydroxypropyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline                   P4:  1,4-diamino-2-trifluoromethylbenzene                                      P5:  4-hydroxy-2-trifluoromethylaniline                                        P6:  4-hydroxy-3-trifluoromethyl-aniline                                       P7:  4-sec-butylamino-3-trifluoromethylaniline                                 P8:  4-n-butylamino-3-trifluoromethylaniline                                   P9:  4-n-dodecylamino-3-trifluoromethylaniline                                 P10: 4-(2'-methoxyethyl)amino-3-trifluoromethylaniline                         ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 4                                                          ______________________________________                                         Coupling Agents                                                                ______________________________________                                         C1:              m-phenylenediamine                                            C2:              resorcin                                                      C3:              m-aminophenol                                                 C4:              p-amino-o-cresol                                              C5:              α-naphthol                                              C6:              m-phenylenediamine                                            C7:              resorcin                                                      C8:              m-aminophenol                                                 C9:              5-amino-o-cresol                                              ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 5                                                          ______________________________________                                         Composition          Coupling                                                  Nos.      Developers agents    Color tone                                      ______________________________________                                          1        P1         C1        blue                                             2        P1         C2        brown                                            3        P1         C3        brown-black                                      4        P1         C4        red                                              5        P1         C5        purplish red                                     6        P2         C1        grayish green                                    7        P2         C2        pale yellow                                      8        P2         C3        red                                              9        P2         C4        purplish red                                    10        P2         C5        blue                                            11        P3         C1        blue                                            12        P3         C2        brown                                           13        P3         C3        brown-black                                     14        P3         C4        red                                             15        P3         C5        purplish red                                    16        P4         C6        blue                                            17        P4         C7        green                                           18        P4         C8        liver color                                     19        P4         C9        red                                             20        P5         C6        brown                                           21        P5         C7        ivory                                           22        P5         C8        yellowish orange                                23        P5         C9        orange                                          24        P6         C6        light brown                                     25        P6         C7        ivory                                           26        P6         C8        light brown                                     27        P6         C9        orange                                          28        P7         C1        green                                           29        P7         C2        cream                                           30        P7         C4        orange                                          31        P7         C5        purplish red                                    32        P8         C4        orange                                          33        P8         C5        violet                                          34        P9         C4        cream                                           35        P9         C5        light purple                                    36         P10       C4        orange                                          37         P10       C5        violet                                          ______________________________________                                    

Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. 

What is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:
 1. A p-phenylenediamine derivative represented by the following formula (Ia) or a salt thereof: ##STR12## in which X represents a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, a C₁₂₋₂₀ alkyl group, a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --O--R" (wherein R" stands for a C₁₋₄ alkyl group or a C₁₋₄ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4), a group represented by --(CH₂)_(n) --NR³ R⁴ (wherein R³ and R⁴ may be the same or different and denote hydrogen atoms, C₁₋₂₀ alkyl groups, or C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl groups, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4), or --(CH₂)_(n) --COOR⁵ (wherein R⁵ is a hydrogen atom, a C₁₋₆ alkyl group, or a C₂₋₆ mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl group, and n denotes an integer of 1 to 4). 